In this setting, mitochondrial ROS from complex I/III sites, NOX2/NOX4 activity in microglia and cerebrovascular endothelium and impaired mitophagy (reduced removal of damaged mitochondria) converge to oxidize proteins and lipids, seed misfolding and aggregation (e.g., -synuclein, A) and blunt synaptic plasticity by altering redox-sensitive receptors, kinases and Ca handling (Lee et al
Together however, their properties are amplified to a level that defies belief
The data extraction period was 1996-2021
It is essential to be precise about the limits of this evidence
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