Conversely, glycolysis upregulation and FAO downregulation associated with higher lipid accumulation and accompanied by succinate accumulation has been demonstrated in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (219)
Lipidomic analysis reveals the protection mechanism of GLP-1 analogue dulaglutide on high-fat diet-induced chronic kidney disease in mice
In mouse models of type 2 diabetes induced by a highfat diet and streptozotocin, 4 weeks of 5amino1mq injection reduced fasting blood glucose by 25%30%, increased insulin secretion by over 20%, and significantly decreased cell apoptosis
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However, when produced in excess, they can lead to oxidative damage over time, disrupting cellular functions and ultimately causing cell death by harming DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins (Isik et al
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